亞馬遜官方教程：如何管理亞馬遜冗余庫存？

2022-03-26

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【管理冗余庫存】工具能夠幫助您快速確定可能具有冗余庫存的商品，并查看相關信息以采取適當措施。此工具會突出顯示可能限制您的商品銷售的因素，并提供有助于您提高庫存績效的建議措施。

管理冗余庫存

重要： “管理冗余庫存”旨在為您提供相關信息來幫助您管理庫存水平，但使用此工具不能代替您自行判斷商品需求。許多因素都可能會影響對商品的實際需求，其中包括商品價格浮動、買家需求變動以及這些商品的競爭性報價的變動等。此工具提供的建議并不能保證賣家未來取得良好的業績，確定商品的價格和庫存水平仍是賣家的責任。

常見問題

商品被認定為可能具有冗余庫存，意味著什么？

維持供貨 30 到 60 天的庫存水平，是最大限度提高有存貨績效并避免不必要成本的一種有效方式。默認情況下，符合以下條件的庫存會被確定為可能冗余的庫存：

商品庫存中至少有一件已存儲超過 90 天。
商品的可供貨天數超過 90 天；并且
保留庫存而不采取任何措施時的成本比采取措施（例如降低價格以提高銷量或移除）時的成本還要高。

預計冗余數量是如何計算出來的？

我們會根據您的經濟投入（如商品成本和回收率）和銷售數據（如需求預測和價格彈性）計算冗余庫存。預計冗余數量是指保留該庫存的成本可能比采取相應措施（例如降低價格以提高銷量或者移除冗余商品）的成本還要高的商品的數量。該數值取決于您的商品需求和成本（包括費用、商品單位成本以及資本投入成本），可用來預估讓您獲得最高庫存投資回報所應達到的庫存水平。

可用數量中包含什么？

對于亞馬遜物流商品，可用數量是指可供買家購買的可售庫存商品。該數量不包含已送到運營中心但尚未收取的商品、不可售的商品（例如已殘損的商品）或綁定到買家訂單的商品。對于賣家，總數量即是賣家指定的可售商品數量。冗余庫存計算中僅包含可用庫存

預計倉儲成本總額是什么？

預計倉儲成本總額是指在您不采取任何措施來幫助銷售或移除庫存的情況下可能產生的預計成本。其中包括倉儲費（含任何長期倉儲費）和儲存成本（如果適用）。

如果我想使用其他輸入值來確定可能存在的冗余庫存，該如何操作？

您可為每個 SKU 設置自己的商品成本和回收率，方法是在下拉菜單中選擇【更新商品設置】，為每個 SKU 更改設置；或者可以點擊【商品設置】按鈕并批量上傳這些設置。您可以通過點擊【庫存設置】鏈接來更改默認設置。做出更改之后，請耐心等待，這些更改最長需要 24 小時才能反映在您的推薦中。

為什么在“管理冗余庫存”頁面中看不到我的所有商品？

只有您的商品被認定為具有冗余庫存時，它們才會顯示在該頁面上。

我應該如何使用該頁面管理可能存在的冗余庫存？

我們的目標是幫助您輕松確定可能存在的冗余庫存，并提供旨在幫助您更好地管理庫存投資回報的建議措施。

建議操作

建議操作是每個商品右側下拉菜單中顯示的默認操作。建議的操作取決于您的業務和商品所特有的經濟計算。您可以從下拉菜單中選擇另一中操作。可能的建議操作包括：

【編輯商品信息】 – 當您的商品可能有質量問題時，就會顯示此建議。點擊此操作，您就會轉至商品目錄。在目錄中查找相應提醒以修復商品問題。
【改進關鍵詞】 – 您的商品可能存在低流量，這是因為買家無法通過搜索找到您的商品。此操作可幫助您優化您的商品信息在搜索中的顯示方式。
【推廣商品】 – 這將啟動工作流程。廣告是一種為您的商品帶來更多流量的行之有效的方法。
【創建銷售】 – 根據此商品的價格彈性和您的商品投入，如果我們認為您可以通過暫時調低價格來更快地銷售庫存商品，從而獲得更高的庫存回報率，我們就會提出此類建議。我們提供建議的銷售價格和價格調整持續時間。我們可能會建議將商品價格降至低于最低價格，以便提升銷量。
【創建移除訂單】 – 我們建議根據您的回收率輸入值和商品需求，在我們認為您可以通過亞馬遜以外的銷售渠道獲得更好的庫存回報率時創建移除訂單。我們可能不建議您移除所有庫存，而是只需恢復到健康的庫存水平即可。

SKU 級別的提醒

這些提醒有助于識別可能影響商品的曝光度和銷量的商品信息問題。

【質量提醒】 – 表明商品信息可能不完整或不正確。買家使用特定商品詳情搜索和瀏覽亞馬遜目錄。如果您的商品信息不完整或不正確，買家將較難找到、評估和購買您的商品。點擊【編輯商品信息】即可編輯商品信息并解決質量問題。
【低流量】 – 表明只有少數潛在買家查看了該商品信息?？梢允褂貌僮髁斜碇械摹靖倪M關鍵詞】功能，優化您的商品信息在搜索結果中的顯示。您還可以使用【商品推廣】功能，通過商品推廣來提高您的商品的瀏覽量。
【低轉化率】 – 表明潛在買家查看了商品信息但未跟進和購買商品。您可以通過【編輯商品信息】功能來確保提供高品質的詳情頁面，并通過【創建銷售】或【降低商品價】來確保提供有競爭力的價格，從而幫助提高轉化率。在某些情況下，如果商品需求較低，并且我們計算發現移除商品比為庫存繳納倉儲費更具成本效益，我們可能會建議您移除某些庫存。

需求

除查看提醒之外，您還可以將鼠標懸停在商品的【售出商品數量】列，查看某種商品在過去 7 天、30 天、60 天和 90 天內的銷量。您可以根據這一信息來對銷量和總庫存進行比較。如果您想從庫存中移除某件商品，可以從操作菜單中點擊【創建移除訂單】。

庫存設置

在“庫存設置”中，您可以輸入有關庫存成本結構的詳細信息，以幫助我們提出更好的建議。這些設置包括：

采購成本 – 商品成本占當前銷價的百分比。默認值為 50%。您還可以輸入 SKU 級別的商品單位成本，以獲得更準確的建議。
資本成本 – 您希望通過庫存獲得的最低回報。一般范圍為 0-25%。默認值為 15%。
回收率 – 預計成本回收比例（如果您從亞馬遜中移除庫存或者自行銷售庫存的話）。回收率對應的應是您的所有庫存，而不是單個商品。例如，如果某個 SKU 具有 5 種商品，而且您可以通過清算回收所有商品的 50%，則輸入值應為 50%。但是，如果您僅可回收其中 3 種商品的 50%，且不能回收另外 2 種商品，則輸入值應為 30%。默認值為 30%。如果您沒有設定的成本回收渠道，比如與供應商簽訂的回購合同，我們建議您將此值設置為 0%。

如何提供有關“管理冗余庫存”頁面的反饋？

您的反饋對幫助我們改進工具非常重要。如果您發現了需要改進之處，請通過以下方式之一向我們提供：

使用【管理冗余庫存】頁面上的【反饋】鏈接為頁面打分
在每個商品右側的下拉菜單中選擇【改進建議】
發送電子郵件至 inventoryplanning@amazon.com

術語表

預計供貨天數

根據商品的預期需求估算的您當前庫存能夠持續供貨的天數。

預計冗余數量

保留庫存而不采取任何措施時的成本比采取措施（例如降低價格以提高銷量或移除）時的成本還要高的商品的預計數量。默認值為超過供貨 90 天所需數量的商品數量。

低轉化率

此提醒表明相對于同一分類中的其他商品，查看您的商品信息后購買您商品的買家較少。

低流量

此提醒表明表明相較于同一分類中的其他 ASIN，查看您的 ASIN 商品信息的人數較少。

可售商品數量

對于商品，可售商品數量等于可供買家購買的所有商品。對于賣家自行配送商品，總數量等于賣家指定的可售商品數量。

立方英尺 (cuft)

ASIN 在中心所占用的體積（立方英尺）?？墒凵唐窋盗?x 每件商品的體積 = 立方英尺體積。

倉儲類型

設置有存儲限制的商品的分類。商品可分類為六種倉儲類型之一：標準尺寸、大件、服裝、鞋靴、易燃物或噴霧。

建議的銷售價格

有助于您根據當前庫存設置來銷售庫存的建議銷售價格。該值可能與最低價格或購買按鈕價格不同。我們建議您在售出冗余庫存之前維持該商品價格。

建議促銷持續時間

如果建議為促銷，則該數值是有助于您售出冗余庫存的預計促銷持續天數。

預計倉儲成本總額

在不采取任何有助于銷售或移除庫存的措施時，可能導致庫存產生的預計倉儲成本。其中包括倉儲費（含月度長期倉儲費）和儲存成本（如果適用）。

注意：這些值基于您庫存的每日動態，可能與您的實際費用不同。

建議移除數量

移除庫存可能比為庫存繳納倉儲費更有益處的預計庫存數量。

Manage Excess Inventory
The Manage Excess Inventory tool helps you quickly identify listings that may have excess inventory levels and review relevant information to take the appropriate action. The tool highlights factors that may be limiting sales of your products and suggests actions that could help you improve inventory performance.
Important: Manage Excess Inventory is intended to provide you with information to help manage your inventory levels, but use of this tool should not be a substitute for your own judgment about demand for your products. Many factors may influence actual demand for your products, including price fluctuations, consumer demand shifts, and changes in competing offers for those products. Recommendations are not a guarantee of future results, and sellers remain responsible for determining their prices and inventory levels.

Frequently asked questions
What does it mean if a listing is identified as potentially having excess inventory?
Maintaining between 30 to 60 days of inventory can be an effective way to maximize in-stock performance and avoid unnecessary costs. By default, inventory is identified as potentially excess if all of the following conditions are met:
At least one unit of inventory is more than 90 days old,
The product has over 90 days of supply, and
The cost of holding your inventory without taking any action is more than the cost of taking action (such as reducing prices to increase sell through or removing excess units)
How is estimated excess quantity calculated?
We calculate excess inventory based on your economic inputs (like unit cost and recovery rate) and sales data (like demand forecasts and price elasticity). The estimated excess quantity is the number of units for which the cost of holding your inventory would likely be more than the cost of taking action (such as reducing prices to increase sell through or removing excess units). This value is based on product demand and your costs (including fees, unit costs, and cost of capital inputs), and estimates the level of inventory that could give you the highest return on your inventory investment.
What is included in the available quantity?
For an FBA listing, available quantity refers to fulfillable inventory units that are available for customers to buy. It does not include products being shipped to fulfillment centers that have not yet been received, unfulfillable units (such as damaged units), or units bound to a customer order. For a seller-fulfilled listing, the total quantity is the same as the available quantity, as specified by the seller. Only available inventory is included in the excess inventory calculations
What is the estimated total storage cost?
The estimated costs you would incur if you take no action to help sell through or remove your inventory. This includes storage fees, including any long-term storage fees, and the holding cost of capital, if applicable.
What if I want to use different inputs to identify potentially excess inventory?
You can set your own unit cost and recovery rate per SKU by selecting Update product settings in the drop-down menu to make changes for individual SKUs, or by clicking the Product setting button and uploading these settings in bulk. You can make changes to your default settings by clicking the Inventory settings link. After making changes, please allow up to 24 hours for the changes to be reflected in your recommendations.
Why do I not see all my products on the Manage Excess Inventory page?
We only display your products on this page if your inventory has units that have been identified as excess.
How should I use this page to manage my potentially excess inventory?
Our goal is to help you easily identify potentially excess inventory and provide recommended actions aimed at helping you better manage the return on your inventory investment.

Recommended actions
The recommended action is the default action shown in the drop-down menu to the right of each product. Recommendations are based on economic calculations specific to your business and products. You can take another action by selecting from the drop-down menu. Possible recommended actions are:
Edit listing – This recommendation appears when your listing may have quality issues. By clicking on this action, you will be taken to the product catalog. Look for the alerts in the catalog to fix the listing issues.
Improve keywords – Your product may have low traffic because customers cannot find your product via search. This action helps you optimize how your listing appears in searches.
Advertise listing – This starts the Sponsored Products workflow. Advertising is a proven way to drive additional traffic to your listing.
Create sales – Based on the price elasticity of this product and your product inputs, we make this recommendation if we feel that you can get a higher return on your inventory by temporarily marking down prices to sell through your inventory faster. We provide a recommended sale price and duration. We may recommend lowering beyond the lowest price to boost sales.
Create removal – We recommend creating a removal order when we feel that you can get a better return on your inventory through sales channels other than Amazon, based on your recovery rate input and product demand. We may not recommend you removal all inventory, just enough to get back to healthy levels.

SKU-level alerts
These alerts help identify listing issues that may be affecting your product visibility and sales.
Quality alert – Indicates that the listing may be incomplete or incorrect. Customers search and browse the Amazon catalog using specific product details. If your listing information is incomplete or incorrect, it becomes more difficult for buyers to find, evaluate, and purchase your inventory. Clicking Edit Listing will allow you to edit the listing and fix quality issues.
Low traffic – Indicates that a low number of potential buyers have seen the listings. Use the Improve Keywords feature in the actions list to optimize how your listing appears in searches. The Advertise Listing feature allows you to advertise through Sponsored Products to drive additional traffic to your listing.
Low conversion – Indicates that potential buyers are viewing the listing but do not follow through and purchase the product. Ensuring a high quality detail page through the Edit Listing feature and pricing competitively through Create Sale or Lower Price helps improve conversion rates. In some cases, due to low demand, we may recommend removing some of the inventory if we calculate that removal is more cost effective than incurring storage fees.

Demand
In addition to the alerts, you can also view how many units of a product have been sold over the last 7, 30, 60, and 90 days by hovering over a product’s Units Sold column. This will allow you to gauge sales relative to your total inventory. If you find that you have an item that you’d like to remove from your inventory, click Create removal order from the action menu.

Inventory settings
In your Inventory Settings, you can enter details about your inventory cost structure to help us to make better recommendations. These settings include:
Cost of purchase – The cost of your products as a percentage of their current selling price. The default value is 50%. You can also enter unit cost at the SKU-level for more accurate recommendations.
Cost of capital – The minimum return you want to earn on your inventory. The typical range is 0-25%. The default is 15%.
Recovery rate – The expected recovery as a percentage of the cost if you removed your inventory from Amazon and sold the inventory on your own. The recovery rate should refer to all of your inventory, not a single unit. For example, if there are 5 units of a SKU, and you can recover 50% on all units through liquidation, then the input should be 50%. However, if you can only recover 50% of 3 units and 0% for 2 units, the input should be 30%. The default is 30%. If you do not have a set cost-recovery channel, like a buy-back contract with your supplier, we suggest you set this value to 0%.

How can I provide feedback about the Manage Excess Inventory page?
Your feedback is important for helping us improve our inventory management tools. If you think there may be an opportunity for improvement, please provide us feedback in one of the following ways:
Rate the page using the Feedback link on the Manage Excess Inventory page
Select Improve recommendations in the drop-down menu to the right of each product
Email inventoryplanning@amazon.com

Glossary of terms
Estimated days of supply
The estimated number of days your current inventory supply will last based on the projected demand for your product.
Estimated excess quantity
The estimated number of units for which the cost of holding your inventory without taking any action is more than the cost of taking action (such as reducing prices to increase sell through or removing excess units). Default is quantity greater than 90 days of supply.
Low conversion
An alert that indicates that fewer buyers are purchasing the product after viewing the listing relative to other listings in the same category.
Low traffic
An alert that indicates that the ASIN listing has a low number of viewers compared to other ASINs in the same category.
Available quantity
For FBA listings, available quantity equals all units that are available for purchase by customers. For seller-fulfilled listings, total quantity is equal to the available quantity that the seller has defined.
Cubic feet (cuft)
The volume in cubic feet that the ASIN is occupying in Amazon fulfillment centers. Available units x volume per unit = cubic feet.
Storage type
Category of the product for which storage limits are set. Products are categorized in one of six possible storage types: standard-size, oversize, apparel, footwear, flammable, or aerosol.
Recommended sales price
Sales price recommended to help you sell through your inventory based on your current inventory settings. This value may be different from the lowest price or Buy Box price. We recommend that you keep your product at this price until you have sold through your excess inventory.
Recommended sale duration
If a sale is recommended, this is the estimated sale duration in days that would likely help you sell through your excess inventory.
Estimated total storage cost
Estimated storage costs you would incur on your inventory if no action is taken to help sell through or remove your inventory. This includes storage fees, including monthly long-term storage fees, and the holding cost of capital, if applicable.
Note: These values are based on a daily snapshot of your inventory and may differ from your actual fees.
Recommended removal quantity
Estimated quantity of inventory that would likely benefit from removal instead of being charged storage fees.